When an emergency or incident arises
where there are casualties, think DR’s ABC:
Danger
Response
Shout
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Danger
Check for signs of danger to you or the
casualty, such as oncoming traffic, broken glass or fallen debris. Only
approach them when it is safe or when you have made the area safe.
Response
Ask the person “Are you okay?” Ask them
to open their eyes. If there’s no response, give them a gentle shake. For
children, tap their shoulder. For babies, tap their foot. If they respond,
treat them as conscious. If there is no response, move on to the next step.
Shout
for help
Shout loud and clear to alert other
people to what’s going on, and to get someone to call 999 while you deal with
the casualty.
Airway
Make sure the person’s airway is kept
open. Turn them onto their back and open the airway using the head tilt/chin
lift method. Put your hand on their forehead and two fingers under their chin.
Lift the chin and tilt the head back gently.
Breathing
Check for signs of breathing. Look for
movement in the person’s chest. Listen for breathing sounds. Bend down to see
if you can feel any breath on your cheek. If there are no signs of breathing,
or if you’re not sure, call 999 or 112 and perform CPR. As soon as they start
breathing again, place them in the recovery position until help arrives.
Circulation
If the person is bleeding, use clothing,
towels or any clean material to stop it. Call 999 or 112 and stay with the
person to monitor their breathing and responsiveness until help arrives.
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